South African citizenship is granted to foreigners who have obtained a certificate of naturalisation from a qualified minister. First of all, a person must be of legal age to apply for a certificate and must be of good morals. The applicant must have spent at least eight years in South Africa prior to filing for a certificate, and at least four of those eight years must have been spent as a permanent resident of the country. The applicant must also intend to stay in South Africa even after the issuance of a certificate, and must serve the country as a contributing member to society. The minister should also deem him/her as knowledgeable in the native language as well as the basic privileges and responsibilities of a South African citizen.

South African citizenship through naturalisation is regarded as a privilege, not a right, as it is up to the minister’s discretion whether to qualify an applicant or not, even after he/she has fulfilled all the requirements and met all the conditions for naturalisation. Furthermore, a minister may revoke a naturalised citizen’s certificate at any given time for a number of reasons. A naturalised citizen can lose his/her South African citizenship if he/she marries someone who is a citizen of another country or if he/she is found to have active citizenship in any other country.

Requesting citizenship in South Africa requires certain steps. Of course, an immigrant couldn’t just apply for citizenship as a permanent resident immediately, he must be settled first. It actually takes up to 30 long months to obtain permanent residency. Logically, immigrants should first deal with the attainment of a temporary residency, and at the same time, they can await the approval of their permanent residency.

As soon as the permanent residency has been approved, immigrants are to apply for citizenship to the Minister of Home Affairs. Conditions for the immigrants are: He/she must be over 21 years old; He/she must possess a permanent residence permit; He/she must have resided in South Africa for no less than 5 years prior to the application of the citizenship, though this 5-year requirement may be shortened to 2 years if the immigrant is the husband or wife of a citizen living in South Africa. The immigrant must also be able to communicate in at least one of South Africa’s languages. And lastly, he/she should be of good character.

Immigrants should also bear in mind that applying for citizenship is a privilege, not a right. Therefore, the Minister owns all the authority to deny an application, even though the immigrant manages to fulfil all the given conditions.

Residing in a foreign country necessitates other vital preconditions that are to be considered aside from the aforementioned prerequisites. One should always weigh up all the factors.

Indefinite Leave to Remain in the UK is referred to as ‘permanent residency’ and it gives its holder the right to work and live in the UK with no time restriction on their stay. This leave can be applied for by people who have previously been resident in the UK on various types of UK visas and immigration services.

Indefinite Leave to Remain allows a non-European Economic Area national to continue living and working in the UK indefinitely and, unlike a work permit, the holder may work for any employer and for any position they may choose.

Becoming a UK citizen through the process of British naturalization enables a candidate who is already in possession of Indefinite Leave to Remain to obtain all the privileges and rights afforded to those with UK Citizenship. This includes the right to a British passport and the right to vote. UK Citizenship cannot be revoked for spending too much time outside the country although applicants should know that one of the requirements of naturalisation is that the candidate should demonstrate their intention to continue living in the U.K.

Permanent residents applying for UK Citizenship must be over eighteen; be of good character; must have been resident in the UK for at least five years and have held Indefinite Leave to remain for twelve months. All applicants must intend to continue living in the UK and be proficient in the English language.

• How many stripes are there on the U.S. flag? The answer is 13.
• Who is the chief justice of the Supreme Court today? You need to know the current Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
• In what year was the Constitution written? In 1787.
• Which of these is guaranteed by the First Amendment? Freedom of the press.
• How many Supreme Court justices are there? There are 9.
• What are the first 10 amendments to the Constitution called? The Bill of Rights.
• When was the Declaration of Independence adopted? July 4, 1776.
• Which of the following amendments to the Constitution does NOT address or guarantee voting rights? The 7th Amendment.
• What are the 13 original states? Connecticut, New Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Rhode Island, and Maryland.
• What do the stripes on the U.S. flag mean? They represent the 13 original states.
• What is the introduction to the Constitution called? The Preamble.
• How many changes or amendments are there to the Constitution? 27.

Some feared that a set of citizenship quiz using the English language will be deemed as discrimination against non-English speakers. However, the majority of Australians still thought that an English language citizenship test would be most important. In a recent survey conducted by Newspoll exclusively for the Australian Citizenship test, around 77 percent of the respondents have agreed to include an English proficiency exam as well as questions about the history and culture of the country. Of the 77 percent, 53 percent expressed the idea strongly while only 19 percent did not agree with adding those questions in the citizenship test.

The survey conducted by Newspoll only shows clearly how the majority supports a detailed citizenship test in each of the demographic group used in the survey with strongest support from the Coalition supporters and old voters. According to the statistics, 9 out of 10 Coalition supporters agreed to the idea while only 7 percent were against the additional questions for the citizenship test. The lowest level of support came from the participants aged 18 to 34 years old.

The proposed Australian citizenship test has caused a lot of controversy taking into consideration the issue about Australian values being incorporated in the test. Both the Prime Minister and Opposition Leader have shown full support of a citizenship test that involves a quiz on Australian values.

It was found that the high fail rate was not due to the review, as such, the government is seeking to review the Citizenship Test to see what is causing this. The Australian Government highly supports the Citizenship Test and that is why they need to review the portfolio programs, the content of the test, and the additional support services. The Australian government and the Immigration department are open to any suggestion or recommendations that will improve service delivery and client interaction.

According to Evans, most people pass the test on the succeeding attempt. The 10,275 figure actually represents the number of tests and not the actual number of applicants taking the tests. There were only 8,402 people who took the test. However, some took the test more than once because of a failed result on the first try. For the 8,402 figure, about 90 percent passed on the first or subsequent try.

This Citizenship Test is offered to migrants who have been in Australia for the last four years, applying for naturalization. The Australian Citizenship Test consists of 20 questions which include history, values, and lifestyle. The passing mark they have set is 60 percent and applicants can take the test as many times to get the 60 passing mark.